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1楼 jimmytiger
等级:小学生
发帖数:1
回帖数:9
|  发帖时间 - 2006/3/27 19:08:19
| １．Trade-related Terms 贸易相关术语
A．贸易
Foreign Trade 对外贸易
Entrepot Trade F。） 转口贸易
Home （Domestic）Trade 内贸
Coastal Trade 沿海贸易
Cross-border Trade 边境贸易
Barter Trade 易货贸易
Compensation Trade 补偿（互补）贸易
Bilateral trade （between China and the US） （中美）双边贸易
Multilateral Trade ( Multilaterism ) 多边贸易
Trading House/Corporation/Firm/Company 贸易公司
Liner Trade 集装箱班轮运输
B．合同
Contract 合同
Active service contracts on file 在备有效服务合同
Sales Contract 销售合同
Sales Confirmation 销售确认书
Agreement 协议
Vessel sharing Agreement 共用舱位协议
Slot-sharing Agreement 共用箱位协议
Slot Exchange Agreement 箱位互换协议
Amendment 修正合同
Appendix 附录
Quota 配额
C．服务合同
Service Contract as provided in the Shipping Act of 1984， a contract between
a shipper （or a shippers association） and an ocean carrier
（or conference）in which the shipper makes a commitment
to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenue
over a fixed time period，and the ocean common carrier or
conference commits to a certain rate or rate schedules as well
as a defined service level （such as assured space，transit time，
port rotation or similar service features）。The contract may
also specify provisions in the event of non-performance on the
part of either party 服务合同
A service contract is a confidential contract between a VOCC and
1 or more shippers in which the shipper(s) make a cargo commitment,
and the carrier makes a rate and service commitment.
服务合同是一家有船承运人与一个和多个托运人签订的保密合同，
在合同中托运人对货量作出承诺，承运人对运价和服务作出承诺。
Only a VOCC (or agreement of VOCCs) may enter into a service
contract as carrier.
只有有船承运人（有船承运人协议）可以作为承运人签订服务合同。
NVOCCs may enter into service contracts as shippers, but not as carrier.
无船承运人可以作为托运人来签订服务合同，但不可以作为承运人签订服务合同。
Allows a carrier to lawfully charge a negotiated, non-tariff rate.
允许承运人合法地收取已达成协议的，非运价本运价。
Allows parties to keep the negotiated rate confidential.
允许签约方对已达成协议的运价保密。
Today, the vast majority of liner cargo in the U.S. trade moves under
confidential service contracts.
目前，绝大多数美国航线的班轮货物通过保密的服务合同运输。
Must be with qualified shipper(s).
必须与合格的托运人签订服务合同。
Must include shipper cargo commitment and carrier rate and service commitments.
必须包括托运人货量承诺，承运人运价和服务承诺。
Must include shipper certification.
必须有托运人的***明。
Must be signed by the carrier and the shipper.
必须由承运人和托运人签署。
Must be filed with the FMC.
必须向FMC登记
Electronic filing is permitted.
允许电子登记
Rates kept confidential - certain “essential terms” published.
运价保密 －一些“基本条款”公布
Service Contract Form
服务合同的格式
Term 1 = origin. 条款1 ＝ 启运地
Term 2 = destination. 条款2 ＝目的地
Term 3 = a list of commodities. 条款3 ＝ 商品类别
Term 4 – MQC 条款4 ＝ ***箱量
Term 5 = Service Commitments 条款5 ＝ 服务承诺
Term 6 = Rate Schedule 条款5 ＝ 费率表
Term 7 - Liquidated Damages Clause 条款7 = 清算损失条款
Term 8 – Contract Term 条款8 ＝ 合同期限
Term 9A = Legal names of contract parties. 条款9A = 合同方的法定名称
Term 9B = Identity of contract signatories. 条款9B ＝ 签字人的身份
Term 9C = Date the contract was signed. 条款9C ＝ 合同签字日
Other Provisions 其它条款
Term 10 = shipper certification. 条款10 ＝ 托运人的身份
Term 11 = contract records. 条款11 ＝ 合同记录
Term 12 = other provisions (including force 条款12 ＝ 其它条款（包括不可
majeure, cancellation, arbitration, and 抗拒力，终止，仲裁和
assignment clauses). 转让 条款）
Signature Block 签字栏
The Shipper Party 托运方
Is the Shipper Party qualified? 托运方是否合格？
Must be cargo owner, NVOCC, or shipper’s 必须是货主，无船承运人和托运人协会association.
Cannot be freight forwarder. 不可以是货运代理人
Is the shipper party the party that will use 托运方是否为合同的使用方？
the contract?
Cannot be agent or affiliate of shipper party. 不可以是托运方的代理和附属公司
Exception: Affiliate of BCO may be shipper 特殊情况：如果直接货主的附属
party if it will be responsible for the freight. 公司负责运费，其可以是托运方。
Must Use Full Legal Name 必须使用法定的全称
The full legal name and business address 服务合同中必须显示
of the shipper party must appear on the 托运方的法定全称和营业地址。
service contract.
Should usually include a corporate identifier 通常必须包括公司的标志符
(Inc., Ltd., Co.). （Inc., Ltd., Co.）
Contract heading, Term 9, and signature 合同的标题，第9条款
block should match. 和签字栏必须一致。
Affiliates 附属公司
Shipper party may list affiliates entitled to use 托运方可以在合同第9条款中
the service contract in Section 9. 列入有权使用服务合同的附属公司。
An affiliate is a person that controls, is 附属公司是指拥有托运方，
controlled by, or is under common control 被托运方拥有或被同一公司拥有的实体。
with, the shipper party.
The full legal name and business address of 必须包括每一个附属公司
each affiliate must be included. 的法定全称和营业地址。
Trade names may also be indicated in 除法定全称外，也可列入商号。
addition to the full legal name.
NVOCCs may not list affiliates. 无船承运人不可列入附属公司。
When the Service Contract May be Used 何时可以使用服务合同？
A service contract may not be used until the 只有在SECAUCUS办公室
Secaucus office notifies the agent that the 通知代理服务合同已经向FMC
service contract has been filed with the FMC. 登记后，服务合同才可以使用。
The Secaucus office will issue Daily Filing Notices. SECAUCUS办公室将发出“每日登记通知”。
Enforcement of Service Contract Terms 服务合同条款的执行
not to deviate from the service contract terms. 不可以偏离服务合同条款。
A contract may be amended to reduce MQC or 服务合同可进行修改减少
extend the contract term. ***箱量或延长服务合同
If the MQC (as amended, if applicable) is not 如果***货量没有完成，
satisfied, an invoice for liquidated damages 在合同到期后30天内
must be issued within 30 days of the end of 发出清算损失***。
the service contract term.
Service Contract must be with qualified shipper. 服务合同必须与合格的托运人签订。
Shipper Party is person that will use the contract. 托运方为将会使用合同的人。
Full name (and trade name, if any) and address of 条款9中必须显示托运方和
shipper party and any affiliates entitled to use the 任何有权使用合同的附属公司的
contract must appear in Term 9. 全称（和商号，如果有）和营业地址。
If contract is with Shipper’s Association, Members 如果与托运人协会签订合同，
entitled to use the contract must be listed. 合同中必须列入有权使用合同的成员公司。
All parties entitled to use contract must certify status. 所有有权使用合同的各方必须证明其身份。
Contract may not be used until filed with the FMC. 在没有向FMC登记前，合同不可以使用。
Only shipper party and named affiliates (or listed 只有托运方和指名的附属公司
members if SA) may use the contract. （或列入的托运人协会的成员公司）
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2楼 jimmytiger
等级:小学生
发帖数:1
回帖数:9
| 发帖时间 - 2006/3/27 19:09:43
| 8. Inspection-related Terms 检验相关术语
Customs Inspection 海关查验
Commodity Inspection 商品检验
Tally 理货
Tally Report 理货报告
Check 查验/检查/核对
Fumigation treatment with a pesticide active ingredient that is a
gas under treatment conditions 熏蒸
Animal / Plant Inspection 动植物检验
INSP Inspection / Inspector 检验/检验员
Certificate of Origin ( normally issued or signed by a Chamber of
Commerce or Embassy ) （始发地）原产地***
Arbitration 仲裁
FAE Fresh Air Exchange 空气交换
The fresh air exchange system on a reefer removes harmful gases
from perishable commodities. The fresh air vent is adjustable to
accommodate a variety of cargo
Force Majeure 不可抗力
M/F FILING Manifest Fling 舱单申报
ACS Automated Commercial System 自动商务系统
A system of software programs between Customs and brokers
to communicate. These programs are design with the ultimate
goal of paperless transaction between Customs and brokers
ABI Automated Broker Interface ( part of ACS ) 自动的报关行接口
Which permits transmission of data pertaining to merchandise
being imported into the United States.
(Qualified participants include brokers, importers, carriers, port
authorities, and independent data processing companies referred
to as service centers.)
ACH Automated Clearing House ( part of ACS ) 自动清关
Which allows electronic funds transfer for payment of estimated
duties, taxes, and fees on imported merchandise
AMS Automated Manifest System ( for anti-terrorism ) 自动舱单（反恐）申报系统
An application that expedites the clearance of cargo for the
subsequent release of containers when imported to the U.S.
through electronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu of
bulk paper manifests.
CSI Container Security Initiative 集装箱安全防范措施
To address the threat terrorists pose to containerized
shipping, Customs developed CSI.
为应对恐怖主义对集装箱运输。。推出
CSS Cargo Selectivity System 货物抽验
It is how Customs selects freight or documentation to be
examined. Examinations are chosen by the risk of importer
and manufacturer or activities with certain tariff numbers.
CTPAT Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism 海关贸易合作反恐条例
SCAC Standard Carrier Alpha Code 承运人标准数字编码
CHB Customs House Broker 报关行
A company or individual licensed by US Customs to do
business as an agent with US Customs House.
SED (EX-DEC) Shipper’s Export Declaration 货主出口报关单
A form required by Census Bureau for export statistical
purposes, which consists mainly of SHIPPER NAME,
IRS No., CONSIGNEE NAME, HTS, value and
Shipping details plus Freight terms.
SLI Shipper Letter of Instruction 货主出口报关指示函
A carbon form that serves as Ex-Dec and/or B/L
instructions.
HTS Harmonized Tariff Schedule 国际货物编码
The international coding system for commodities.
BONDED WAREHOUSE 保税库
Warehouses approved by Customs for storage and/or
manufacture of goods. Duties assessed and due when
goods enter the U.S.(China) for consumption. No duties
due if re-exported.
BONDED AREA 保税区
BONDED GOODS 保税货物
QUOTAs Quantity of one HTS item allowed to be imported at either
higher or lower rate of duties. 进口配额
DDP Delivery Duty Paid 完税
DDU Delivery Duty Unpaid 未完税
DRAWBACK Duties payment refunded because freight is re-exported
or for similar circumstances 退税金额
Customs fine 海关罚款
Customs seals 海关关封
Application for inspection 检验申请
To expedite the clearance 加快清关
Pilferage 盗窃/偷窃
War risk Insurance coverage for loss of goods resulting from any act of war 战争险
To be liable for a penalty of 受到。。。处罚
To increase predictability 增强了可预测性
Non-fraudulent violation of the regulation 非故意违反规定
To file certifications with Customs 向海关申报有效证明
To follow the current procedure 遵循现行程序
To abide by 。。。rule 遵照。。。规定
To provide specific language 提供一定说法
To be not authorized 不予认可
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3楼 jimmytiger
等级:小学生
发帖数:1
回帖数:9
| 发帖时间 - 2006/3/27 19:10:23
| 9． Container-related Terms 集装箱相关术语
fleet of containers 集装箱箱队
E/C Equipment control 箱管
TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit is the value of 1 twenty-foot container. ( 20’GP) 20尺标箱
FEU Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit. 1 Forty-Foot equivalent equals （40’GP）
2 Twenty-Foot containers. 40尺标箱
Corner Fitting 角件
Corner Post 角柱
End Wall/Side Wall 端墙/侧墙
Bull Ring（D Ring）cargo-securing devices mounted in the floor of containers 箱内稳货环
Container No。 箱号
Seal metal strip or lead fastener used for locking freight car 箱封
Seal record a record of the number，condition and marks of identification
on seals made at various times and places，referring to the
movement of the container between origin and destination 箱封检查记录
Collection and Distribution Transport 拼箱分拨运输
SL&C Shipper’s Load and Count 货主装箱、点数
SP & S Shipper’s Pack and Seal 货主装箱、加封
SOC Shipper’s Own Container （SHIPPER OWNED CTN） 货主自有箱
The maintenance of a sufficient quantity of containers may be
expensive, but may prove to be worthwhile in the long run,
depending on the trade volume. In cases, shippers may purchase
from the market the used container to send the cargo with, just
for once and keep the container for a makeshift warehouse
after its delivery or for some other use at destination
COC Carrier’s Own Container（CARRIER OWNED CTN） 船东自有箱
From others’ point of view, containers for a specific carrier’s use are all
called COC. Therefore, the carrier’s leased in containers are also his COC.
Equipment change 换箱
GP General Product ( Dry Cargo ) Container 干货箱
DC Dry Cargo Container 干货箱
Garmentainer 挂衣箱
GOH Garment on Hanger 挂衣箱
HC/HQ HI-CUBE （HIGH CUBE）Container Any container which
exceeds 8 feet 6 inches in height， usually 9’6’’ 高箱
40 TH 40’ TIE High Cube 40尺高箱
40 GH 40’ Garment High Cube 40尺挂衣高箱
40’/45’ HI-CUBE CONTAINER SURCHARGE 40’/45’高箱费
All-in Rate/40’ x 1.125 ( for 40’ HC ) 海运费计收
All-in Rate/40’ x 1.266 (for 45’ HC )
FR Flat Rack Container 框架箱
OT Open Top 开顶箱
PF （Platform Container） 平板箱
RF Refrigerated Container 冷藏箱
COLLAPSIBLE CONTAINER（FR 框架） 折叠式集装箱
DG Container Dangerous Goods Container 危险品箱
Controlled Atmosphere an atmosphere in which oxygen, carbon dioxide and
nitrogen concentrations are regulated, as well as
temperature and humidity. 箱体内气体、温度、湿度调控
Empties Empty containers are provided by ship operators
to cargo owners at container depots. Appropriate
charges are made for the lease of their ownership. 空箱
Genset a portable power generator, which convert fuel into
Electrical power by mechanical means, and from which
A
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4楼 jimmytiger
等级:小学生
发帖数:1
回帖数:9
| 发帖时间 - 2006/3/27 19:11:10
| 10. L/C Terms 信用证术语
L/C Letter of Credit 信用证
L/C is a reliable and safe method of payment, facilitating trade with
unknown buyers and giving protection to both sellers and buyers.
为跟不了解的买方做贸易，采用信用证结汇十分方便，可以保护
买卖双方利益
1. The issuance of a L/C starts with the buyer who instructs his
bank to open a credit ( issue an L/C ) in favor of the seller for
the amount of the purchase.
先由买方指示其银行开信用证，收款方开卖方
2. The buyer’s bank ( opening bank ) sends the L/C to its
correspondent in the seller’s country, giving instructions
about the amount of the credit, the beneficiary, the currency,
the documents required and other special instructions.
买方银行（开证行）将信用证开到其在卖方***相应的议付行，
指示信用证金额，受益方，币种，所需的单据文件以及其它
特殊要求
3. Upon receipt of the L/C, the correspondent advises the seller
of the same immediately.
议付行收悉信用证后应随即如实通知卖方
4. The seller deals with the correspondent bank and prepares for
the shipment of the buyer’s order.
卖方与议付行接洽后即准备出运买方的定单货载
5. After shipment, the seller presents the relative shipment
documents to the bank, which should be clearly marked with
‘On board MV xxx’ together with a bill of exchange (汇票) drawn
on the opening bank.
货载出运后，卖方将相关的盖有‘On Board MVxxx’字样的
货载单证连同带有开证行抬头的汇票一并交议付行
6. The correspondent bank pays the money to the seller when
documents presented are found to be in order.
议付行经验证卖方单据完整无误后即向卖方结汇
7. The correspondent bank then sends all the shipping documents to
the buyer’s bank, which, in turn, passes them to the buyer, who
finally reimburses the correspondent bank through the buyer’s bank.
议付行然后将所有的货载单据转给买方银行，买方银行再转交给
买方；买方***终通过买方银行向议付行支付
to meet the applicable L/C requirements 以满足信用证要求
L/G Letter of Guarantee 银行保函
L/I Letter of Indemnity 赔偿保***
Opening （Issuing）Bank at importers
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5楼 jim...
等级:小学生
发帖数:1
回帖数:9
| 发帖时间 - 2006/3/27 19:11:57
| ---内容已屏蔽---
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6楼 jimmytiger
等级:小学生
发帖数:1
回帖数:9
| 发帖时间 - 2006/3/27 19:12:34
| 12． FMC-related Terms FMC相关术语
‘The United States government takes the position that all practices
related to cargo moving via CHINA SHIPPING to or from the United
States are subject to the rules of the United States government, even
though the practice occurs in China or in some other place outside
The United States, and even though the Merchant or agent never
goes to the United States.’
“美国***的政策定位是凡‘中海’承运的美国进出口货物的运作均应受控于
美国***有关政策规定，即使此类运作仅发生在中国或在美国以外的***或
地方；抑或发货人或其代理从来就没有到过美国。”
FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美国联邦海事委员会
Enforcement Bureau FMC的执行局
Coast Guard 美国海上警卫队
CBP Customs and Border Protection 美国海关边防总署
ICB International Carrier Bond 国际承运人***金
TIB Temporary Importation Bond 临时进口***金
For shipments entering the U.S. on temporary basis
Surety 担保 （***金）
ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information System 自动费率报备系统
TARIFF（RATE）FILING 费率（运价）报备
AMENDMENT FILING 修改运价报备
OSRA Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 1998航运改革法
DPI Distribution-Publications Inc. 美国一家运价费率报备公司
Violations 违规操作
Penalty 罚款
Suspend a carrier’tariff 吊销承运人运价本
Compel production of documents and answers to questions
强行要求出具文件、单证；对所提问题作出答复
Entering into a S/C with 与。。。签定服务合同
Knowingly and willfully 明知故犯
File a complaint 投诉
Operating under an un-filed agreement 按未经报备的所谓合同进行运输
Operating under an agreement that has yet to become effective under law
按尚未生效的合约进行运输
Misrating a bill of lading is a violation of the Shipping Act regardless of intent
无论动机是好或是不好，错定运价即是违反（84）航运法
Unreasonable discrimination or preference 不合理的歧视和偏袒
Unfair or unreasonable to deal 不公平或不合理的拒绝运输
Retaliation 报复
Monitor Carrier Rates 监督承运人运价
Purpose - to prevent unreasonable discrimination among shippers.
目的－保护托运人免受不合理的歧视
Require publication of tariff rates.
要求公布运价本
有船承运人和无船承运人
Require filing of confidential service contract rates.
要求对保密性的服务合同运价登记
FMC does not approve rates.
FMC不对运价进行审批
Exception: controlled carriers.
例外：受控承运人
Petitioner request the Commission to determine whether CSA’s members have violated
the Shipping Act through discriminatory service contracting and rating practices in the
Caribbean trades that intentionally discriminate against OTIs in violation of sections 10…
控方请求海事委员会裁定‘加勒比船东协会’成员公司采取签署旨在歧视远洋运输
中介的服务合同和确定运价的做法是否违反了航运法第10节。。。
NVOCC OTIs depend upon the member lines to transport their shipments, approximately
90% of which move under service contracts.
远洋运输中介中的无船承运人得依靠成员公司承运货载，大约90%的货是采用服务合同运输的。
Petitioner asserts that the member lines’ service contract offers to NVOs have
Eliminated all commodity rates other than FAK and GDSM, thereby depriving
NVOs of a rate basis on which to compete for full container load (FCL), single
commodity shipments.
控方认为公会成员公司给NVO签署的服务合同，仅保留了FAK和GDSM运价，
其它所有货种的运价都被取消，从而剥夺了NVO赖以竞争的单一货种的整箱货
的基价。
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7楼 broad
等级:小学生
发帖数:5
回帖数:9
| 发帖时间 - 2006/5/28 9:10:57
| 费心了，很有用
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8楼 adamal
等级:高中生
发帖数:16
回帖数:227
| 发帖时间 - 2006/5/28 11:04:53
| good release,i like this guy. looking forward to more
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